Understanding, Preventing, and Managing AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness)

Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro (5,895m) is a life-changing experience. However, the rapid gain in altitude can pose a serious challenge: altitude sickness, also known as Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). Being aware of its causes, symptoms, and prevention can be the key to a successful and safe summit.

What Is Altitude Sickness?

Altitude sickness occurs when your body fails to adjust to lower oxygen levels at high elevations. As you ascend Kilimanjaro, the air becomes thinner, and the oxygen level decreases—almost 50% less at the summit compared to sea level.

Types of Altitude Illness

1. Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) – Most common

Symptoms include:

• Headache

• Nausea

• Fatigue

• Dizziness

• Loss of appetite

• Disturbed sleep

2. High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) – Severe, life-threatening

Symptoms include:

• Confusion

• Hallucinations

• Loss of coordination

• Inability to walk

• Coma (if untreated)

3. High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) – Severe, life-threatening

Symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath at rest

• Persistent cough

• Chest tightness

• Frothy sputum (may be pink)

Note: HACE and HAPE require immediate descent and medical attention.

What Causes Altitude Sickness?

Altitude sickness is primarily caused by ascending too quickly without allowing the body to gradually adapt to lower oxygen levels. Contributing factors include:

• Rapid elevation gain

• Inadequate acclimatization

• Dehydration

• Overexertion

• Individual susceptibility (regardless of fitness level)

How to Prevent Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro

1. Choose a Longer Route

Opt for a 7–9 day itinerary to allow for gradual acclimatization. Routes like Lemosho, Machame 7-Day, or the Northern Circuit are ideal.

2. Climb Slowly – “Pole Pole”

Our guides encourage a slow, steady pace to help your body adjust. Rushing increases your risk of AMS.

3. Stay Hydrated

Drink at least 3–4 liters of water daily to aid acclimatization and prevent dehydration.

4. Eat Well

Maintain your energy levels with balanced meals. Your appetite may decrease, but eating is essential.

5. Sleep Low After Climbing High

We incorporate the “climb high, sleep low” approach in our itineraries to help your body adjust.

6. Consider Preventative Medication

Consult your doctor about taking acetazolamide (Diamox), which can reduce symptoms of AMS.

What to Do If You Get Sick

If you experience AMS symptoms:

• Inform your guide immediately

• Rest and avoid further ascent

• Take prescribed medication

• Monitor symptoms closely

If symptoms worsen or develop into HACE or HAPE, immediate descent is mandatory. Our trained guides are equipped with:

• Oxygen cylinders

• Pulse oximeters

• First-aid kits

• Evacuation plans

Is Altitude Sickness Preventable?

Not completely—but it’s manageable with the right approach. Even experienced trekkers can feel the effects of altitude. The best defense is:

• Good route planning

• Expert guidance

• Listening to your body

• Following acclimatization protocols

Our Promise to You

At African Giant Adventures, your safety is our top priority. All our Kilimanjaro treks are designed with altitude awareness in mind, and our certified mountain guides are trained to spot and treat AMS symptoms before they become serious.

Plan Smart. Trek Safe. Summit Successfully.

Climbing Kilimanjaro isn’t just about physical strength—it’s about respecting the mountain and preparing your body for high elevation.

Need help choosing the best acclimatization route or training tips? Contact our team for personalized guidance and support.